N2

Climate Change and Daily Life

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Reading Passage

ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใ€ๅœฐ็ƒๆธฉๆš–ๅŒ–ใกใใ‚…ใ†ใŠใ‚“ใ ใ‚“ใ‹ใฎๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใˆใ„ใใ‚‡ใ†ใ‚’ๆ—ฅๅธธใซใกใ˜ใ‚‡ใ†ใง่‚Œใฏใ ใงๆ„Ÿใ‹ใ‚“ใ˜ใ‚‹ๆฉŸไผšใใ‹ใ„ใŒๅข—ใตใˆใฆใใŸใจๆ€ใŠใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸ

ๆฏŽๅนดใพใ„ใจใ—ใ€ๅคใชใคใŒ้•ทใชใŒใใชใ‚Šใ€็Œ›ๆš‘ๆ—ฅใ‚‚ใ†ใ—ใ‚‡ใณใฎๆ•ฐใ‹ใšใ‚‚ๅข—ใตใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๅฎŸๆ„Ÿใ˜ใฃใ‹ใ‚“ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚็‰นใจใใซไปŠๅนดใ“ใจใ—ใฏ9ๆœˆใŒใคใซๅ…ฅใฏใ„ใฃใฆใ‚‚30ๅบฆใฉใ‚’่ถ…ใ“ใˆใ‚‹ๆ—ฅใฒใŒ็ถšใคใฅใใ€ใพใ‚‹ใงๅคใชใคใŒ็ต‚ใŠใ‚ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‹ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚

ๆš‘ใ‚ใคใ•ใฎใ›ใ„ใงใ€ๆœใ‚ใ•ใฎ้€šๅ‹คใคใ†ใใ‚“ใ‚‚ไธ€่‹ฆๅŠดใฒใจใใ‚ใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚้ง…ใˆใใพใงใฎ้“ใฟใกใ‚’ๆญฉใ‚ใ‚‹ใใ ใ‘ใงๆฑ—ใ‚ใ›ใ ใใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ—ใ€ไผš็คพใ‹ใ„ใ—ใ‚ƒใซ็€ใคใ้ ƒใ“ใ‚ใซใฏใ‚‚ใ†ใใฃใŸใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚

ใใ‚Œใซใ€้›ปๅŠ›ๆถˆ่ฒป้‡ใงใ‚“ใ‚Šใ‚‡ใใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใฒใ‚Šใ‚‡ใ†ใ‚‚ๆฐ—ใใซใชใ‚‹ใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚ไธ€ๆ—ฅไธญใ„ใกใซใกใ˜ใ‚…ใ†ใ‚จใ‚ขใ‚ณใƒณใชใ—ใงใฏ้Žใ™ใ”ใ”ใ›ใชใ„ใŸใ‚ใ€้›ปๆฐ—ไปฃใงใ‚“ใใ ใ„ใ‚‚ไปฅๅ‰ใ„ใœใ‚“ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้ซ˜ใŸใ‹ใใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ๅฎถ่จˆใ‹ใ‘ใ„ใธใฎ่ฒ ๆ‹…ใตใŸใ‚“ใ‚‚็„ก่ฆ–ใ‚€ใ—ใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใญใ€‚

ใ•ใ‚‰ใซๅ›ฐใ“ใพใฃใŸใ“ใจใซใ€้ฃŸๆ–™ๅ“ใ—ใ‚‡ใใ‚Šใ‚‡ใ†ใฒใ‚“ใธใฎๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใˆใ„ใใ‚‡ใ†ใ‚‚ๆทฑๅˆปใ—ใ‚“ใ“ใใงใ™ใ€‚ไพ‹ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€่ฟ‘ๆ‰€ใใ‚“ใ˜ใ‚‡ใฎใ‚นใƒผใƒ‘ใƒผใงใฏใ€็•ฐๅธธใ„ใ˜ใ‚‡ใ†ใช้ซ˜ๆธฉใ“ใ†ใŠใ‚“ใ‚„ๅคง้›จใŠใŠใ‚ใ‚ใฎใ›ใ„ใงใ€้‡Ž่œใ‚„ใ•ใ„ใฎไพกๆ ผใ‹ใ‹ใใŒ้ซ˜้จฐใ“ใ†ใจใ†ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ“่–„ใ—ใชใ†ใ™ใงใชใ‹ใชใ‹ๆ‰‹ใฆใซๅ…ฅใฏใ„ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚‚ๅข—ใตใˆใพใ—ใŸใ€‚

ใใฎใ›ใ„ใงใ€ๆ—ฌใ—ใ‚…ใ‚“ใฎๅ‘ณ่ฆšใฟใ‹ใใ‚’ๆฅฝใŸใฎใ—ใ‚€ใฎใŒ้›ฃใ‚€ใšใ‹ใ—ใใชใฃใฆใใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚

ๅœฐ็ƒๆธฉๆš–ๅŒ–ใกใใ‚…ใ†ใŠใ‚“ใ ใ‚“ใ‹ใฏใ€ๅ˜ใŸใ‚“ใซๆฐ—ๆธฉใใŠใ‚“ใŒไธŠใ‚ใŒใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚็งใ‚ใŸใ—ใŸใกใฎ็”Ÿๆดปใ›ใ„ใ‹ใคใฎใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚†ใ‚‹้ขใ‚ใ‚“ใซๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใˆใ„ใใ‚‡ใ†ใ‚’ๅŠใŠใ‚ˆใผใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ็—›ๆ„Ÿใคใ†ใ‹ใ‚“ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚

็งใŸใกใ‚ใŸใ—ไธ€ไบบใฒใจใ‚Šใฒใจใ‚ŠใŒๆ„่ญ˜ใ„ใ—ใใ‚’้ซ˜ใŸใ‹ใ‚ใ€ใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‹ใ‚‰ๅฏพ็ญ–ใŸใ„ใ•ใใ‚’่ฌ›ใ“ใ†ใ˜ใฆใ„ใๅฟ…่ฆใฒใคใ‚ˆใ†ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใใ†ๅผทใคใ‚ˆใๆ„Ÿใ‹ใ‚“ใ˜ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚

ไพ‹ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€็ฏ€้›ปใ›ใคใงใ‚“ใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ๅœฐ็”ฃๅœฐๆถˆใกใ•ใ‚“ใกใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใฎ้‡Ž่œใ‚„ใ•ใ„ใ‚’้ธใˆใ‚‰ใถใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใงใ‚‚ใ€็Šถๆณใ˜ใ‚‡ใ†ใใ‚‡ใ†ใฏๅฐ‘ใ™ใ“ใ—ใšใคๅค‰ใ‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใฏใšใงใ™ใ€‚

Vocabulary List

  • ๅœฐ็ƒๆธฉๆš–ๅŒ–ใกใใ‚…ใ†ใŠใ‚“ใ ใ‚“ใ‹ (chikyลซ ondan-ka) โ€” global warming

  • ๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใˆใ„ใใ‚‡ใ† (eikyล) โ€” influence, effect

  • ่‚Œใฏใ ใงๆ„Ÿใ‹ใ‚“ใ˜ใ‚‹ (hada de kanjiru) โ€” to feel firsthand, to experience personally

  • ็Œ›ๆš‘ๆ—ฅใ‚‚ใ†ใ—ใ‚‡ใณ (mลshobi) โ€” extremely hot day (over 35ยฐC), heatwave day

  • ๅฎŸๆ„Ÿใ˜ใฃใ‹ใ‚“ใ™ใ‚‹ (jikkan suru) โ€” to feel (truly, deeply), to realize

  • ไธ€่‹ฆๅŠดใฒใจใใ‚ใ† (hitokurล) โ€” great effort, much trouble

  • ใใฃใŸใ‚Š (guttari) โ€” utterly exhausted, worn out (adverb)

  • ้›ปๅŠ›ๆถˆ่ฒป้‡ใงใ‚“ใ‚Šใ‚‡ใใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใฒใ‚Šใ‚‡ใ† (denryoku shลhiryล) โ€” electricity consumption

  • ๅฎถ่จˆใ‹ใ‘ใ„ (kakei) โ€” household budget

  • ่ฒ ๆ‹…ใตใŸใ‚“ (futan) โ€” burden, responsibility

  • ๆทฑๅˆปใ—ใ‚“ใ“ใใช (shinkoku na) โ€” serious, severe, grave

  • ้ซ˜้จฐใ“ใ†ใจใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ (kลtล suru) โ€” to soar (price), to rise sharply

  • ๅ“่–„ใ—ใชใ†ใ™ (shinausu) โ€” short supply, out of stock

  • ๆ—ฌใ—ใ‚…ใ‚“ใฎๅ‘ณ่ฆšใฟใ‹ใ (shun no mikaku) โ€” seasonal delicacies/flavors

  • ็—›ๆ„Ÿใคใ†ใ‹ใ‚“ใ™ใ‚‹ (tsลซkan suru) โ€” to feel keenly, to realize acutely

  • ๅฏพ็ญ–ใŸใ„ใ•ใใ‚’่ฌ›ใ“ใ†ใ˜ใ‚‹ (taisaku o kลjiru) โ€” to take measures, to implement countermeasures

  • ๅœฐ็”ฃๅœฐๆถˆใกใ•ใ‚“ใกใ—ใ‚‡ใ† (chisan chishล) โ€” local production for local consumption

English Translation

Don't you think we've been feeling the effects of global warming in our daily lives more and more recently? Every year, I feel that summer is getting longer and the number of extremely hot days is increasing. Especially this year, even in September, days exceeding 30 degrees Celsius continued, making it feel as if summer would never end.

Because of the heat, even my morning commute is a struggle. Just walking to the station makes me drenched in sweat, and by the time I arrive at work, I'm utterly exhausted. Moreover, electricity consumption is also a concern. I can't spend a whole day without air conditioning, so my electricity bill has also become higher than before. The burden on the household budget cannot be ignored.

Even more troubling is the severe impact on food products. For instance, at my local supermarket, vegetable prices have soared due to unusually high temperatures and heavy rains. Shortages are also becoming more frequent, making them hard to find. Because of this, enjoying seasonal delicacies is becoming difficult.

Global warming isn't just about rising temperatures; I keenly feel it's affecting every aspect of our lives. Each of us needs to raise our awareness and take whatever measures we can. I strongly feel this is crucial. For example, even simple actions like saving electricity or choosing locally grown vegetables should gradually start to make a difference.

Comprehension Questions

  • ็ญ†่€…ใฒใฃใ—ใ‚ƒใฏๆœ€่ฟ‘ใ•ใ„ใใ‚“ใ€ๅœฐ็ƒๆธฉๆš–ๅŒ–ใกใใ‚…ใ†ใŠใ‚“ใ ใ‚“ใ‹ใฎใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใˆใ„ใใ‚‡ใ†ใ‚’ๆ—ฅๅธธใซใกใ˜ใ‚‡ใ†ใงๆ„Ÿใ‹ใ‚“ใ˜ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ

What effects of global warming has the author been feeling in daily life recently?

  • ใชใœ็ญ†่€…ใฒใฃใ—ใ‚ƒใฏๆœใ‚ใ•ใฎ้€šๅ‹คใคใ†ใใ‚“ใง็–ฒใคใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ—ใพใ†ใ“ใจใŒๅคšใŠใŠใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ

Why does the author often get tired during their morning commute?

  • ้›ปๅŠ›ๆถˆ่ฒป้‡ใงใ‚“ใ‚Šใ‚‡ใใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใฒใ‚Šใ‚‡ใ†ใŒๅข—ใตใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ€ๅฎถ่จˆใ‹ใ‘ใ„ใซใฏใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใˆใ„ใใ‚‡ใ†ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ

How does increased electricity consumption affect the household budget?

  • ้ฃŸๆ–™ๅ“ใ—ใ‚‡ใใ‚Šใ‚‡ใ†ใฒใ‚“ใซ้–ขใ‹ใ‚“ใ—ใฆใ€ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅ•้กŒใ‚‚ใ‚“ใ ใ„ใŒ่ตทใŠใใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่ฟฐใฎในใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ

Regarding food products, what kind of problems are mentioned as occurring?

  • ็ญ†่€…ใฒใฃใ—ใ‚ƒใฏใ€ๅœฐ็ƒๆธฉๆš–ๅŒ–ใกใใ‚…ใ†ใŠใ‚“ใ ใ‚“ใ‹ใซๅฏพใŸใ„ใ—ใฆ็งใ‚ใŸใ—ใŸใกไธ€ไบบใฒใจใ‚Šใฒใจใ‚ŠใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใจใ—ใฆใ€ไฝ•ใชใซใ‚’ๆŒ™ใ‚ใ’ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ

What does the author suggest as things each of us can do regarding global warming?

Answers
  • ๅคใชใคใŒ้•ทใชใŒใใชใ‚Šใ€็Œ›ๆš‘ๆ—ฅใ‚‚ใ†ใ—ใ‚‡ใณใฎๆ•ฐใ‹ใšใŒๅข—ใตใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ‹ใ‚“ใ˜ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚

(The author feels that summer is getting longer and the number of extremely hot days is increasing.)

  • ๆš‘ใ‚ใคใ•ใฎใ›ใ„ใงใ€้ง…ใˆใใพใงใฎ้“ใฟใกใ‚’ๆญฉใ‚ใ‚‹ใใ ใ‘ใงๆฑ—ใ‚ใ›ใ ใใซใชใ‚Šใ€ไผš็คพใ‹ใ„ใ—ใ‚ƒใซ็€ใคใ้ ƒใ“ใ‚ใซใฏใใฃใŸใ‚Šใ—ใฆใ—ใพใ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚

(Because of the heat, just walking to the station makes them drenched in sweat, and they are utterly exhausted by the time they arrive at work.)

  • ไธ€ๆ—ฅไธญใ„ใกใซใกใ˜ใ‚…ใ†ใ‚จใ‚ขใ‚ณใƒณใชใ—ใงใฏ้Žใ™ใ”ใ”ใ›ใชใ„ใŸใ‚ใ€้›ปๆฐ—ไปฃใงใ‚“ใใ ใ„ใŒไปฅๅ‰ใ„ใœใ‚“ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้ซ˜ใŸใ‹ใใชใ‚Šใ€ๅฎถ่จˆใ‹ใ‘ใ„ใธใฎ่ฒ ๆ‹…ใตใŸใ‚“ใŒๅข—ใตใˆใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใˆใ„ใใ‚‡ใ†ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚

(Since they cannot spend a whole day without air conditioning, the electricity bill becomes higher than before, increasing the burden on the household budget.)

  • ็•ฐๅธธใ„ใ˜ใ‚‡ใ†ใช้ซ˜ๆธฉใ“ใ†ใŠใ‚“ใ‚„ๅคง้›จใŠใŠใ‚ใ‚ใฎใ›ใ„ใงใ€้‡Ž่œใ‚„ใ•ใ„ใฎไพกๆ ผใ‹ใ‹ใใŒ้ซ˜้จฐใ“ใ†ใจใ†ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ๅ“่–„ใ—ใชใ†ใ™ใงใชใ‹ใชใ‹ๆ‰‹ใฆใซๅ…ฅใฏใ„ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใŒๅข—ใตใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่ฟฐใฎในใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚

(It is stated that due to unusually high temperatures and heavy rains, vegetable prices have soared and shortages have become more frequent, making them hard to find.)

  • ็ฏ€้›ปใ›ใคใงใ‚“ใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ๅœฐ็”ฃๅœฐๆถˆใกใ•ใ‚“ใกใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใฎ้‡Ž่œใ‚„ใ•ใ„ใ‚’้ธใˆใ‚‰ใถใ“ใจใชใฉใ‚’ๆŒ™ใ‚ใ’ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚

(The author mentions things like saving electricity and choosing locally grown vegetables.)

Grammar Points Used

  • ใ€œใจๆ€ใŠใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸ (ใ€œto omoimasenka?)

    Meaning: "Don't you think...?" or "Isn't it that...?"

    Usage: Used to invite agreement or gently present an opinion, encouraging the listener to consider the speaker's perspective. It's a friendly way to start a discussion or express a shared feeling.

    Example from text: ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใ•ใ„ใใ‚“ใ€ๅœฐ็ƒๆธฉๆš–ๅŒ–ใกใใ‚…ใ†ใŠใ‚“ใ ใ‚“ใ‹ใฎๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใˆใ„ใใ‚‡ใ†ใ‚’ๆ—ฅๅธธใซใกใ˜ใ‚‡ใ†ใง่‚Œใฏใ ใงๆ„Ÿใ‹ใ‚“ใ˜ใ‚‹ๆฉŸไผšใใ‹ใ„ใŒๅข—ใตใˆใฆใใŸใจๆ€ใŠใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸ

  • ใ€œใ‹ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใ  (ใ€œka no yล da)

    Meaning: "as if," "as though," "just like"

    Usage: Used to describe a situation that appears to be true, even if it's not actually the case. It attaches to the plain form of verbs, i-adjectives, and na-adjectives (with ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ or ใช) or nouns (with ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ or ใฎ).

    Example from text: ใพใ‚‹ใงๅคใชใคใŒ็ต‚ใŠใ‚ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‹ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚

  • ใ€œใฎใ›ใ„ใง (ใ€œno sei de)

    Meaning: "due to," "because of" (with a negative nuance)

    Usage: Indicates the cause or reason for a negative outcome or situation. It connects to nouns or the plain form of verbs/adjectives.

    Example from text: ๆš‘ใ‚ใคใ•ใฎใ›ใ„ใงใ€ๆœใ‚ใ•ใฎ้€šๅ‹คใคใ†ใใ‚“ใ‚‚ไธ€่‹ฆๅŠดใฒใจใใ‚ใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚

  • ใ€œใ‚’็„ก่ฆ–ใ‚€ใ—ใงใใชใ„ (ใ€œo mushi dekinai)

    Meaning: "cannot ignore," "cannot overlook"

    Usage: Expresses that something is too important, significant, or impactful to be disregarded. Often used in a formal or slightly emphatic context.

    Example from text: ๅฎถ่จˆใ‹ใ‘ใ„ใธใฎ่ฒ ๆ‹…ใตใŸใ‚“ใ‚‚็„ก่ฆ–ใ‚€ใ—ใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใญใ€‚

  • ใ€œใจใ„ใ†ใ ใ‘ใงใชใ (ใ€œto iu dake de naku)

    Meaning: "not only... but also," "it's not just that..."

    Usage: Used to add a further point or consequence to a previously stated fact, emphasizing that there's more to the situation than just the first point. It can connect to nouns, verbs, or adjectives (in plain form, sometimes with ใ ).

    Example from text: ๅœฐ็ƒๆธฉๆš–ๅŒ–ใกใใ‚…ใ†ใŠใ‚“ใ ใ‚“ใ‹ใฏใ€ๅ˜ใŸใ‚“ใซๆฐ—ๆธฉใใŠใ‚“ใŒไธŠใ‚ใŒใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€็งใ‚ใŸใ—ใŸใกใฎ็”Ÿๆดปใ›ใ„ใ‹ใคใฎใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚†ใ‚‹้ขใ‚ใ‚“ใซๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใˆใ„ใใ‚‡ใ†ใ‚’ๅŠใŠใ‚ˆใผใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ็—›ๆ„Ÿใคใ†ใ‹ใ‚“ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚

  • ใ€œใ‚’็—›ๆ„Ÿใคใ†ใ‹ใ‚“ใ™ใ‚‹ (ใ€œo tsลซkan suru)

    Meaning: "to feel keenly," "to realize acutely," "to be painfully aware of"

    Usage: A formal expression used to convey a deep, strong, and often regrettable realization or feeling about something. It's stronger than just ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ‚‹.

    Example from text: ็งใ‚ใŸใ—ใŸใกใฎ็”Ÿๆดปใ›ใ„ใ‹ใคใฎใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚†ใ‚‹้ขใ‚ใ‚“ใซๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใˆใ„ใใ‚‡ใ†ใ‚’ๅŠใŠใ‚ˆใผใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ็—›ๆ„Ÿใคใ†ใ‹ใ‚“ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚

  • ใ€œใ‚’่ฌ›ใ“ใ†ใ˜ใ‚‹ (ใ€œo kลjiru)

    Meaning: "to take (measures)," "to implement (measures)," "to adopt (a policy)"

    Usage: A relatively formal verb often used with nouns like ๅฏพ็ญ– (taisaku, measures) or ๆ‰‹ๆฎต (shudan, means) to describe the action of putting plans or methods into effect.

    Example from text: ใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‹ใ‚‰ๅฏพ็ญ–ใŸใ„ใ•ใใ‚’่ฌ›ใ“ใ†ใ˜ใฆใ„ใๅฟ…่ฆใฒใคใ‚ˆใ†ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใใ†ๅผทใคใ‚ˆใๆ„Ÿใ‹ใ‚“ใ˜ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚

  • ใ€œใ ใ‘ใงใ‚‚ (ใ€œdake de mo)

    Meaning: "even just by doing," "even if only"

    Usage: Emphasizes that even a small action or condition can have some effect or significance. It attaches to the te-form of verbs or nouns/adjectives (with ใง).

    Example from text: ็ฏ€้›ปใ›ใคใงใ‚“ใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ๅœฐ็”ฃๅœฐๆถˆใกใ•ใ‚“ใกใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใฎ้‡Ž่œใ‚„ใ•ใ„ใ‚’้ธใˆใ‚‰ใ‚“ใ ใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ‚‚ใ€ๅฐ‘ใ™ใ“ใ—ใฏๅค‰ใ‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚

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