N3

Negotiation

๐Ÿ”Š Listen

Situation

็”ฐไธญใŸใชใ‹ (Tanaka) is the purchasing manager at a manufacturing company. He has arranged a formal business meeting with ๅฑฑ็”ฐใ‚„ใพใ  (Yamada), a sales representative from a parts supplier. They are negotiating the unit price and delivery schedule for a bulk order of 500 components. Tanaka wants a lower price for the larger volume; Yamada needs to protect his margins without losing the contract.

The conversation takes place in a formal business setting and uses polite Japanese (ไธๅฏง่ชžใฆใ„ใญใ„ใ”). In Japanese business culture, how you negotiate matters as much as what you negotiate.

Dialogue

Yamada: Konnichiwa, Tanaka-san. Honjitsu wa o-jikan wo itadaki arigatou gozaimasu.

Yamada: Hello, Tanaka-san. Thank you for making time for me today.

Tanaka: Kochira koso. Kyou wa kakaku to nouki ni tsuite hanashiaitai to omotte imasu.

Tanaka: Likewise. Today I'd like to go over pricing and the delivery schedule.

Yamada: Wakarimashita. Heisha to shite wa, dekiru dake go-youbou ni kotaetai to kangaete orimasu.

Yamada: Understood. We'll do our best to accommodate your requests.

Tanaka: Arigatou gozaimasu. Jitsu wa, konkai no chuumon suuryou wo fuyasu kawari ni, tanka wo sagete itadakitai no desu ga.

Tanaka: Thank you. Actually, in exchange for increasing the order quantity this time, I'd like you to lower the unit price.

Yamada: Naruhodo. Suuryou ni yotte wa, aru teido no nebiki wa kanou desu. Nanko go-chuumon no go-yotei deshou ka.

Yamada: I see. Some discount may be possible depending on the quantity. How many units are you planning to order?

Tanaka: Gohyakko wo yotei shite imasu. Zenkai no sanbyakko yori ooi node, mou sukoshi yasuku narimasen ka.

Tanaka: We're planning 500 units. That's more than the 300 last time โ€” could you go a little cheaper?

Yamada: Gohyakko deshitara, juu-paasento no waribiki ga kanou desu. Tada, sore ijou wa chotto muzukashii n desu ga.

Yamada: For 500 units, a 10% discount is possible. Anything beyond that, though, would be a bit difficult.

Tanaka: Juu-paasento desu ka. Dekireba juugo-paasento ni shite itadakenai deshou ka. Nouki mo nishukan inai ni onegai shitai no desu ga.

Tanaka: Only 10%? If at all possible, could you make it 15%? I'd also like to ask for delivery within 2 weeks.

Yamada: Juugo-paasento wa kibishii desu ne. Juuni-paasento made nara nantoka narimasu ga, nouki ni tsuite wa, genzai no seisan joukyou wo kangaeru to, sanshukan kakaru mikomi desu.

Yamada: 15% is tough. We can manage up to 12%, but on delivery โ€” given our current production situation โ€” we're looking at 3 weeks.

Tanaka: Sanshukan wa komarimasu. Watakushidomo ni wa shimekiri ga arimashite, nishukan inai ni uketoranai wake ni wa ikanai no desu.

Tanaka: Three weeks is a problem. We have a hard deadline โ€” receiving the goods within 2 weeks is non-negotiable on our end.

Yamada: Sou deshita ka. Soredewa, waribiki wo juuni-paasento ni suru kawari ni, tokubetsu ni nishukan de no nouhin wo yuusen sasete itadakemasu ka.

Yamada: I see. In that case, with the discount set at 12%, could we arrange to prioritize your delivery within 2 weeks as a special exception?

Tanaka: Wakarimashita. Juuni-paasento no waribiki to nishukan inai no nouhin to iu koto de goui dekiru to omoimasu. Ato de seishiki na keiyakusho wo okutte itadakemasu ka.

Tanaka: Understood. I think we can agree on a 12% discount with delivery within 2 weeks. Could you send over a formal contract later?

Yamada: Mochiron desu. Honjitsu wa go-kyouryoku itadaki arigatou gozaimashita. Kongo tomo yoroshiku onegai itashimasu.

Yamada: Of course. Thank you for working with us today. We look forward to a continued relationship.

Key Vocabulary

koushou

โ€” negotiation

kakaku

โ€” price

nouki

โ€” delivery date, delivery schedule

waribiki

โ€” discount

tanka

โ€” unit price

suuryou

โ€” quantity

goui

โ€” agreement

shimekiri

โ€” deadline

nouhin

โ€” delivery of goods

yuusen

โ€” priority

keiyakusho

โ€” contract document

youbou

โ€” request, demand

mikomi

โ€” expectation, prospect

Grammar Notes

  • ใ€œใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใฏ: "Depending on ใ€œ". The outcome varies based on the named condition. Example: ๆ•ฐ้‡ใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใฏๅ€คๅผ•ใใฏๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ (A discount is possible depending on the quantity).

  • ใ€œไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซ: "Instead of ใ€œ / In exchange for ใ€œ". Marks a trade-off between two actions. Example: ๆ•ฐ้‡ใ‚’ๅข—ใ‚„ใ™ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซๅ˜ไพกใ‚’ไธ‹ใ’ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใŸใ„ (In exchange for increasing the quantity, I'd like you to lower the unit price).

  • ใ€œใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹: A very polite request form meaning "Could you please ใ€œ?". More deferential than ใ€œใฆใใ ใ•ใ„; use it in formal business settings. Example: 15%ใซใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ (Could you please make it 15%?).

  • ใ€œใ‚ใ‘ใซใฏใ„ใ‹ใชใ„: "Cannot / must not ใ€œ" due to external obligations or circumstances. Example: 2้€ฑ้–“ไปฅๅ†…ใซๅ—ใ‘ๅ–ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‚ใ‘ใซใฏใ„ใ‹ใชใ„ (We simply must receive it within 2 weeks).

  • ใ€œใจใ—ใฆใฏ: "As ใ€œ / From the standpoint of ใ€œ". Anchors a statement to the speaker's organizational position. Example: ๅผŠ็คพใจใ—ใฆใฏใ”่ฆๆœ›ใซๅฟœใˆใŸใ„ (On our end, we'd like to meet your requests).

  • ใ€œใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใง: "Based on ใ€œ / Settled as ใ€œ". Confirms shared understanding or closes an agreement. Example: 12%ใฎๅ‰ฒๅผ•ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงๅˆๆ„ใงใใ‚‹ (We can agree on the 12% discount).

Cultural Notes

Japanese business negotiations run on indirection. Saying "no" outright is considered rude, so instead you'll hear phrases like ใ€Œใกใ‚‡ใฃใจ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใ‚€ใšใ‹ใ—ใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใŒใ€("that's a bit difficult"). This soft refusal style is called ๅฉ‰ๆ›ฒ่กจ็พใˆใ‚“ใใ‚‡ใใฒใ‚‡ใ†ใ’ใ‚“ (indirect expression). In practice, "difficult" almost always means "no" โ€” pushing harder after hearing it is bad form.

Honorific language (ๆ•ฌ่ชžใ‘ใ„ใ”, keigo) shapes every exchange. Your own company is ๅผŠ็คพใธใ„ใ—ใ‚ƒ ("our humble company"); the other party's is ๅพก็คพใŠใ‚“ใ—ใ‚ƒ ("your esteemed company"). Closing with ใ€ŒไปŠๅพŒใ“ใ‚“ใ”ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใใŠ้ก˜ใญใŒใ„ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ™ใ€ signals ้–ขไฟ‚้‡่ฆ–ใ‹ใ‚“ใ‘ใ„ใ˜ใ‚…ใ†ใ— (relationship-first thinking) โ€” the belief that a long-term partnership outweighs any single deal.

Practice

Try these drills to make the language your own:

  • Role-play the full dialogue with a partner โ€” one as the buyer (็”ฐไธญใŸใชใ‹), one as the supplier (ๅฑฑ็”ฐใ‚„ใพใ ). Switching roles afterward forces you to argue from the other side's constraints.

  • Substitution drill 1 โ€” Change the discount percentage: Replace 10% and 12% with other values (e.g., 8% and 10%, or 15% and 18%). Practice saying percentages naturally in Japanese: 8%ใฎๅ‰ฒๅผ•ใ‚ใ‚Šใณใ = ใฏใกใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใฎใ‚ใ‚Šใณใ.

  • Substitution drill 2 โ€” Change the delivery deadline: Replace 2้€ฑ้–“ใ—ใ‚…ใ†ใ‹ใ‚“ไปฅๅ†…ใ„ใชใ„ with other timeframes such as 3ๆ—ฅใซใกไปฅๅ†…ใ„ใชใ„ (within 3 days), 1ใƒถๆœˆใ’ใคไปฅๅ†…ใ„ใชใ„ (within 1 month), or ๆฅ้€ฑไธญใ‚‰ใ„ใ—ใ‚…ใ†ใ˜ใ‚…ใ†ใซ (by next week).

  • Substitution drill 3 โ€” Change the quantity: Replace 500ๅ€‹ใ“ with 1,000ๅ€‹ใ“ or 200ๅ€‹ใ“ and adjust the discount accordingly. Does the supplier offer a bigger discount for a larger order?

  • Variation scenario: Try negotiating monthly rent with a landlord, or haggling over a secondhand item at a flea market (ใƒ•ใƒชใƒž). The same polite request patterns and indirect refusals apply โ€” just swap out the numbers and product.

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