Japanese Grammar

Learn the Japanese grammar point 向き (muki), meaning 'suitable for' or 'intended for.' Understand its usage, formation, common mistakes, and JLPT N2 tips.

てならない

てならない — Extremely, Can't Help

Learn the N2 Japanese grammar point てならない (te naranai), meaning 'extremely' or 'can't help but feel,' with practical examples and usage notes.

ずにはいられない

ずにはいられない: Expressing Uncontrollable Urges and Feelings

Master the N2 Japanese grammar pattern ずにはいられない (zu ni wa irarenai), used to express an uncontrollable urge, feeling, or action that one simply cannot help doing.

ぶり

ぶり — After (Time), Way Of

Learn the N2 Japanese grammar point ぶり (buri) for expressing 'after a duration' or 'way/manner of' with comprehensive explanations, examples, and tips.

だらけ

だらけ (Darake) — Full Of, Covered With

Learn the Japanese grammar point だらけ (darake) for N2 JLPT. Expressing 'full of' or 'covered with' something undesirable.

ぎみ

ぎみ — Slightly, A Bit

Learn the Japanese grammar point 〜ぎみ (gimi), meaning 'slightly' or 'a bit', used to describe a tendency or feeling. Comprehensive guide for N2 level.

かけ

かけ (kake) — Half-Done, In The Middle Of

Learn the Japanese grammar point かけ (kake) for N2 JLPT. Understand its meaning, usage, structure, and common mistakes with detailed examples.

まみれ

Learn the N2 Japanese grammar point 「まみれ」 (mamire). It expresses being thoroughly covered or stained with something, always carrying a strong negative nuance. This comprehensive guide includes examples and common mistakes.

お/ご〜いただく

お/ご〜いただく (O/Go~Itadaku) — Humbly Receive

Learn the N2 Japanese grammar お/ご〜いただく, a humble expression for receiving a favor, with detailed explanations, examples, and common mistakes.

お/ご〜願う

お/ご〜願う — Humbly Request

Learn the Japanese grammar pattern お/ご〜願う (o/go~negau) for making humble and polite requests at the JLPT N2 level. Comprehensive explanations, examples, and usage tips.

っぱなし

っぱなし — Leaving As Is / Doing Continuously

Master the N2 Japanese grammar point っぱなし (ppanashi). Learn to express leaving things as they are, continuous actions, and associated nuances of neglect or informality with detailed explanations and examples.

〜させていただく

〜させていただく — Allow Me To (Humble)

Master the Japanese grammar point 〜させていただく (sasete itadaku). Learn its polite, humble nuances for asking permission or expressing gratitude, with detailed examples and common mistakes for N2 level.

次第だ

次第だ — Depends On, It's Up To, That's Why

Learn the JLPT N2 grammar point 次第だ (shidaida), which means 'depends on', 'it's up to', or 'that's why'. Comprehensive explanation, examples, and common mistakes.

傾向がある

傾向がある — Tend To, Have a Tendency To

Learn 傾向がある (keikō ga aru) — a key N2 grammar for expressing tendencies and trends in Japanese. Examples, mistakes, and JLPT tips included.

tendencytrendformal

ものがある

ものがある — There Is Something (Noteworthy About It)

Learn Japanese grammar ものがある (mono ga aru): how to express that something has a noteworthy quality. N2 grammar with examples, mistakes, and JLPT tips.

n2grammarものがある

ないことには

ないことには — Unless / Without

Master ないことには (nai koto ni wa) — Japanese N2 grammar meaning 'unless' or 'without'. Includes 13 examples, common mistakes, and JLPT tips.

conditionaln2prerequisite

たところで

たところで — Even If (Expressing Futility)

Learn Japanese grammar たところで (ta tokoro de) meaning 'even if'. N2 grammar expressing futility with examples, mistakes, and JLPT tips.

conditionalfutilityn2

ということだ

ということだ — It Means That / I Heard That

Master ということだ (to iu koto da): JLPT N2 grammar for hearsay and logical conclusions. Examples, mistakes, and exam tips included.

hearsayconclusionreporting

というものだ

というものだ — That's What...Is / That is Truly

Master N2 grammar というものだ: meaning, usage, examples & JLPT tips. Learn how to express natural truths and definitions in Japanese.

n2grammarexpression

というものではない

というものではない — It's Not That / That's Not How It Works

Learn というものではない (N2): how to express that something is not simply true or that a general assumption is wrong. Examples, mistakes, and JLPT tips.

negationassumptionformal

としたら

としたら — If It Were The Case

Learn としたら (to shitara) for JLPT N2: express hypothetical conditions and suppositions in Japanese with full examples, mistakes, and cultural notes.

conditionalhypotheticaln2

とすれば

とすれば — Assuming That

Learn Japanese grammar とすれば (to sureba): expressing hypothetical assumptions and logical deductions. N2 level with 14 examples.

conditionalhypotheticalformal

とのことだ

とのことだ — I Heard That / They Said That

Learn Japanese grammar とのことだ (to no koto da) — formal hearsay reporting used in business and written Japanese. N2 grammar with examples.

reported-speechhearsayformal

ことだ

ことだ - Should (Advice)

Learn the N2 Japanese grammar point ことだ (kotoda) for giving advice and recommendations. Understand its meaning, formation, nuances, and comparisons with similar expressions like べきだ and ほうがいい.

ことか

Expressing Strong Emotion: ことか — How...!

Unlock the power of ことか (kotoka) at JLPT N2 level. This grammar point lets you express intense emotions, wonder, or rhetorical questions in Japanese. Dive into clear explanations and real-world examples.

ことなく

Koto Naku: Without Doing (ことなく)

Learn the N2 Japanese grammar ことなく (koto naku) meaning 'without doing' or 'without something happening'. Understand its formal usage, structure, and compare it with similar expressions.

ないことはない

It's Not That... Can't (A Reluctant Possibility)

Learn the N2 Japanese grammar ないことはない (nai koto wa nai). Understand its meaning as a double negative expressing reluctant possibility, usage, formation, examples, and common mistakes.

に違いない

に違いない (ni chigainai) — Must Be, No Doubt

Learn the N2 Japanese grammar に違いない (ni chigainai), meaning 'must be' or 'no doubt.' Understand its usage, structure, and common mistakes.

にほかならない

にほかならない — Nothing But, Precisely

Learn the Japanese grammar pattern にほかならない (ni hoka naranai), meaning 'nothing but' or 'precisely'. Understand its formal usage, structure, and master it for the JLPT N2.

に決まっている

に決まっている — Definitely, For Sure

Learn the N2 Japanese grammar に決まっている (ni kimatte iru) to express strong certainty and conviction. This guide covers its usage, formation, and comparisons with similar expressions, helping you sound more natural in Japanese.

に相違ない

Undoubtedly, No Doubt, It Must Be That...

Learn the N2 Japanese grammar point に相違ない (ni sōi nai) for expressing strong, undeniable certainty. Comprehensive guide with examples and usage tips.

にすぎない

N2 Grammar: にすぎない - Merely, Only, Nothing More Than

Dive into the N2 Japanese grammar point にすぎない (ni suginai), meaning 'merely' or 'nothing more than'. Explore its nuanced usage, structure, and how to avoid common pitfalls.

に過ぎない

に過ぎない - Nothing More Than / Merely

Learn the N2 Japanese grammar に過ぎない (ni suginai), meaning 'nothing more than' or 'merely'. Understand its nuance, structure, and usage with examples.

どころか

Dokoroka: Far From, Let Alone, On the Contrary

Dive into the N2 Japanese grammar point どころか (dokoroka). Learn its various uses for 'far from', 'let alone', and 'on the contrary' with clear explanations and practical examples.

反面

反面 (hanmen) — On The Other Hand

Learn the N2 Japanese grammar point 反面 (hanmen), meaning 'on the other hand' or 'whereas', to express contrasting aspects of a single subject.

contrastdualitycomparison

以上は

Since, Now That: Expressing Consequence and Obligation with 以上は

Master the N2 grammar point 以上は (ijou wa) to express strong consequences, obligations, or determination. Meaning 'since' or 'now that,' you'll learn its usage, structure, and common mistakes.

からこそ

からこそ — Precisely Because

Learn the JLPT N2 grammar point からこそ (kara koso), meaning 'precisely because' or 'it is exactly because... that...'. Master its usage, formation, and nuances with comprehensive examples and tips.

からには

からには — Since, Now That

Master the N2 Japanese grammar からには (kara ni wa). Learn its meaning 'since/now that' and how it expresses strong commitment, obligation, or inevitable consequence. Includes clear examples, common pitfalls, and JLPT study tips.

ものだ

Understanding ものだ: Expressing Past Habits and General Truths

Learn how to use ものだ (monoda) in Japanese. This guide covers expressing past habits ('used to') and general truths or obligations ('should') with practical examples and tips.

ものだから

Making Excuses: ものだから — Because (Excuse)

Unlock the N2 Japanese grammar point ものだから (mono dakara). Discover how to explain reasons, especially as gentle excuses or justifications, with clear explanations and practical examples.

reasonexcusejustification

ものではない

Monode wa Nai — Should Not / It Is Not Something One Does

Learn to use the Japanese N2 grammar point ものではない (monode wa nai), which means 'should not' or 'it is not something one does'. Understand its nuance, structure, and appropriate usage for expressing general societal expectations and prohibitions, complete with clear examples.

ものの

ものの (mono no): Although, But, Even Though

Learn the Japanese grammar point ものの (mono no), meaning 'although' or 'even though', for JLPT N2. Comprehensive explanations and examples.

ところで

ところで — Even If / No Matter How Much

Learn the Japanese N2 grammar point ところで (tokorode) for expressing 'even if' or 'no matter how much,' with detailed explanations and examples.

得る/得ない

得る/得ない — Can/Cannot, Possible/Impossible

Learn ～得る／得ない (uru/enai): formal Japanese grammar for theoretical possibility and impossibility. N2 grammar with examples, mistakes, and JLPT tips.

possibilityimpossibilityformal

がたい

がたい — Hard To, Difficult To

Master がたい (gatai) for N2 Japanese: a formal suffix meaning 'hard to do' used for emotional and moral difficulty, with examples and JLPT tips.

suffixi-adjectiveformal

一方だ

一方だ — Continue To, Keep -ing

Master 一方だ (ippou da) — the N2 Japanese grammar for describing unstoppable one-directional trends. Examples, common mistakes, and JLPT tips included.

trenddirectionverb

一方で

一方で — While, On The Other Hand

Learn Japanese grammar 一方で (ippou de): meaning, structure, examples, and JLPT N2 tips. Expresses contrast or simultaneous situations.

contrastconjunctionsimultaneity

かねない

かねない — Might, Could Possibly (Negative Connotation)

Learn Japanese grammar かねない (kanenai): expressing negative possibility 'might happen'. N2 grammar with examples, structure, and JLPT tips.

n2grammarpossibility

かねる

かねる — Cannot, Hard To

Learn Japanese grammar かねる (kaneru): meaning, usage, and N2 examples. Express polite inability and reluctance in formal Japanese with confidence.

auxiliary-verbformalbusiness

きる/きれない

きる／きれない — Completely / Cannot Completely

Master Japanese N2 grammar きる・きれない: express completing actions fully or being unable to finish. Clear explanations, 15 examples, and JLPT N2 tips.

completionpotentialauxiliary-verb

末に

末に (sue ni) — After a Long Process, At The End Of

Learn the Japanese N2 grammar point 末に (sue ni). Understand its meaning, formation, and usage for expressing outcomes after a long process or deliberation.

grammarn2conjunction

つつある

つつある — In The Process Of (Ongoing Change)

Learn Japanese grammar つつある (tsutsu aru) meaning 'in the process of' — N2 level with examples, structure, mistakes, and JLPT tips.

verbn2process

つつ

つつ — While, Although (Simultaneous Actions & Contrast)

Learn Japanese grammar つつ (N2): meaning, usage, structure, and examples. Covers both simultaneous action and concessive contrast uses.

conjunctionsimultaneous-actionsconcessive

あげく

あげく (ageku) – After All, In The End

Learn Japanese grammar あげく (ageku): how to express a negative final outcome after a long process. N2 level with examples, mistakes, and JLPT tips.

n2grammarresult

に反して

Contrary To / Against (に反して)

Learn the N2 Japanese grammar point に反して (ni hanshite), meaning 'contrary to' or 'against'. Comprehensive guide with examples, usage, and common mistakes.

N2contradictionopposition

に限らず

N2 Grammar: に限らず - Not Limited To

Learn the N2 Japanese grammar point に限らず (ni kagirazu), meaning 'not limited to' or 'not only... but also.' Comprehensive guide with examples and usage.

に限って

N2 Grammar: に限って — Only When, Limited To

Master the N2 Japanese grammar point に限って. Learn its two key meanings: 'only when' (irony/bad timing) and 'limited to' (exclusivity/suitability). Comprehensive examples, common mistakes, and JLPT tips.

にかかわる

Related To, Concerning, Involving

Learn the N2 Japanese grammar point にかかわる (ni kakawaru). Understand its meaning of 'related to' or 'involving' serious matters, structure, and usage with example sentences and common mistakes.

にかけて

N2 Grammar: にかけて — From...To, Over (a Range)

Explore the N2 Japanese grammar にかけて (ni kakete), used to express 'from...to...' or 'over/throughout a range'. This guide offers clear explanations, examples, and comparisons.

にしたがって

にしたがって — As, In Accordance With

Learn Japanese grammar にしたがって (ni shitagatte): meaning 'as' or 'in accordance with'. N2 grammar with examples, usage, common mistakes, and JLPT tips.

n2conjunctionformal

に沿って

Along, In Accordance With: Understanding に沿って (ni sotte)

Learn to use the N2 grammar point に沿って (ni sotte) to express 'along,' 'in accordance with,' or 'following.' This guide provides clear explanations, practical examples, and common pitfalls.

につれて

につれて — As, Along With (Proportional Change)

Learn the N2 grammar につれて (ni tsurete) — 'as ~ changes, ~ also changes.' Formation rules, 14 example sentences, common mistakes, and JLPT N2 tips.

n2conjunctionchange

上に

上に (Ue ni) — In Addition To, Moreover

Learn Japanese grammar 上に (ue ni) meaning 'in addition to, moreover' with N2 examples, formation rules, common mistakes, and JLPT tips.

conjunctionadditioncompound

に応じて

に応じて — According To, Depending On

Master the N2 grammar に応じて (ni oujite) — learn to express according to or depending on with clear examples, common mistakes, and JLPT tips.

n2grammarformal

に際して

に際して (ni saishite) — On The Occasion Of

Learn に際して (ni saishite): a formal N2 grammar pattern meaning 'on the occasion of.' Master its structure, usage, and real examples for JLPT N2.

formaln2occasion

に先立って

に先立って — Prior To, Before

Master に先立って (ni sakidatte): N2 Japanese grammar meaning 'prior to' important events. Includes structure, 13 examples with furigana, common mistakes, and JLPT tips.

formalbeforeprior-to

にもかかわらず

にもかかわらず — Despite, In Spite Of

Learn にもかかわらず (despite/in spite of) — N2 Japanese grammar with structure, 13 examples, common mistakes, and JLPT exam tips.

concessioncontrastformal

を踏まえて

を踏まえて — Based On, Considering

Learn Japanese grammar を踏まえて (wo fumaete): meaning 'based on / taking into account'. N2 level with examples, structure, and JLPT tips.

formalbusinesswritten-japanese

をめぐって

をめぐって — Concerning, Regarding (Over a Contested Issue)

Master をめぐって (wo megutte), a key N2 grammar point meaning 'over' or 'concerning' a contested issue, with 13 examples and common mistake analysis.

n2particleformal

を問わず

を問わず (wo towazu) — Regardless Of

Learn Japanese grammar を問わず (wo towazu) meaning 'regardless of'. N2 level with examples, common mistakes, and JLPT tips.

formalregardlessn2

Grammar Comparison (X vs Y)

20 comparisons · 16 articles completed

は vs がに vs では vs もから vs のでけど vs のにに vs へと vs やだけ vs しかている vs てあるば vs たら vs ならようだ vs らしい vs みたいだそうだ (様態) vs そうだ (伝聞)あげる vs もらう vs くれるために vs ようにことにする vs ことになるおかげで vs せいでわけだ vs はずだほど vs くらいについて vs に関して vs に対してうちに vs 間に

あげる vs もらう vs くれる

あげる vs もらう vs くれる — Giving and Receiving

Master the nuances of あげる, もらう, and くれる. This comprehensive guide clarifies the differences in perspective and usage for giving and receiving actions in Japanese.

ほど vs くらい

ほど vs くらい — Degree

Master the nuances of Japanese grammar with ほど (hodo) and くらい (kurai). Understand their differences in expressing degree, extent, and approximation for JLPT success.

おかげで vs せいで

おかげで vs せいで — Because of

Master the nuanced differences between おかげで and せいで in Japanese. Learn when to use each to express 'because of' with positive or negative connotations through detailed explanations and examples.

ために vs ように

ために vs ように — Purpose

Comprehensive comparison of ために and ように for expressing purpose in Japanese. Learn when to use each with detailed explanations, examples, and common mistakes.

そうだ (様態) vs そうだ (伝聞)

Master the difference between そうだ (様態) and そうだ (伝聞) in Japanese grammar. Learn to express appearances and reported information correctly with clear explanations, examples, and quizzes.

ようだ vs らしい vs みたいだ